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- “RICHARD, son of RICHARD I "Sans-Peur" Comte [de Normandie] & his second wife Gunnora --- (-23 Aug 1026). Ademar names Richard as son of "Richardus Rotomagensis". Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Richard, Robert, Mauger" as three of the five sons of Duke Richard and Gunnora. Robert of Torigny names "Ricardum…qui ei successit et Robertum postea archiepiscopum Rothomagensium et Malgerium comitem Curbuliensem, aliosque duos" as the sons of "Ricardi primi ducis Normanniæ" and Guunnora. He succeeded his father in 996 as RICHARD II "le Bon/l'Irascible" Comte de Normandie. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bougeuil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribebed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni, filius eius Richardus et…mater Richardi comitis Gunnor, uxor comitis Richardi…". Duke of Normandy [1015]. He intervened on behalf of his son-in-law Renaud Comte Palatin de Bourgogne, who had been imprisoned by Hugues de Chalon, by sending troops to devastate Chalon in 1026 and procure his release. According to Adam of Bremen, after repudiating his betrothal to the sister of Knud King of Denmark, Duke Richard left for Jerusalem to escacape the Danish king's wrath and died there, but this is inconsistent with the duke's third marriage. Guillaume de Jumièges records his death in 1026. The necrology of Saint-Père-en-Vallée records the death "X Kal Sep" of "Ricardus comes". Thhe necrology of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death "X Kal Sep" of "[Ricar]dus Normannorum secundus". The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "X Kal Sep" of "Ricardus Rothomagensium comes". The necrology of Verdun Saint-Vanne records the death "X Kal Sep" of "Richardus comes", although the connection between Duke Richard and Verdun has not been established.
m firstly (Mont Saint-Michel [1000]) JUDITH de Bretagne, daughter of CONAN I "le Tort" Duke of Brittany & his wife Ermengarde d'Anjou (982-16 Jun 1017). Guillaume de Jumièges records the marriage at Mont Saint-Michel of Duke Richard and Judith sister of "Geoffroi comte des Bretons". According to Orderic Vitalis, Judith founded the abbey of Bernay, Eure in 1025, but this date is inconsistent with her date of death and her husband's second marriage. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bougeuil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni…Judith…".
Betrothed (after 1017) to ESTRID [Margrete] Svendsdatter, daughter of SVEND I "Tveskæg/Forkbeard" King of Denmark & his second wife Sigrid “Storråda/the Haughty” (-9 May ----, bur Roskilde Cathedral). Adam of Bremen records that "Chnud…rex Danorum" gave "suam…germanam Margaretam pro foedere" to "comitis Nortmannorum Rikardi" and after, she was repudiated by Richard, to "Wolf duci Angliæ". Saxo Grammaticus also records her betrothal. She later married Ulf Thrugilson Jarl [Wulfsige Sprakeling].
m secondly PAPIA [Poppa] [d'Envermeu], daughter of ---. Guillaume de Jumièges names Popa as second wife of Duke Richard. She is named "Poppa", Duke Richard's second wife, by Orderic Vitalis. The Chronicon Fontanellense names “Papia” as second wife of Duke Richard, adding that “cuius fratres Ansfredus et Osbernus” were monks at Fontanelle "Duke Richard [II]" donated property to the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel by charter dated to [1024/26], subscribed by "…Papie uxoris comitis".
Duke Richard II & his first wife had six children:
1. ADELAIS [Judith] ([1000]-7 Jul [after 1030]). Guillaume de Jumièges records that Duke Richard and Judith had three daughters, of whom one named Adelise married "Renaud comte de Bourgogne". Orderic Vitalis records her marriage and calls her amita of William I King of England. "Otto comes qui nominatur Willelmus" issued a charter dated 2 Nov 1023 subscribed by "Raynardi comitis, Adheleydis uxoris eius". "Raynaldi comitis, Adheleys uxoris eius" subscribed the charter dated 1030 bby which "Robertus regis Roberti filius et regis Henrici filii eius germanus…Burgundie Dux" restored property to Cluny. "Raginaldus comes comitis Guillelmi filius" donated property to the abbey of Flavigny by charter dated 18 May 1037 subscribed by "Iudid comitisse uxoris eius, Guillelmi filii eius, Hugonis filii eius…". "Iudid comitisse" is assumed in traditional genealogies[149] to have been the same person as Adelais. However, it is also possible that she was Comte Renaud's second wife, Adelais having died earlier. m (before 1 Sep 1016) [as his first wife,] RENAUD de Mâcon, son of OTHON I GUILLAUME Comte de Mâcon [Bourgogne-Comté] & his first wife Ermentrude de Roucy ([990]-3/4 Sep 1057, bur Besançon). He succeeded his father in 1026 as RENAUD I Comte Palatin de Bourgogne.
2. RICHARD ([1001]-Rouen 6 Aug 1027). Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Richard, Robert et Guillaume" as the three sons of Duke Richard II and Judith. Ademar names Richard as son of "Ricardus Rotomagensis comes"[151]. An agreement between the abbots of Jumièges and Bougeuil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr/4 Apr] 1012, is subscribed by "Richardus…filius Ricardi principi magni, filius eius Richardus…". He succeeded his father in 1026 as RICHARD III Duke of Normandy. Guillaume de Jumièges records the death of Duke Richard III, poisoned, at Rouen in 1028. Orderic Vitalis also alleges that he was poisoned. The Obituaire de Notre-Dame de Paris records the death "VIII Id Aug" of "Ricardus dux Normannie". Betrothed (Jan 1027) to ADELA de France, daughter of ROBERT II "le Pieux" King of France & his third wife Constance d'Arles [Provence] (-Messines 8 Jan 1079, bur Messines, Benedictine monastery). Kerrebrouck mentions her betrothal to Duke Richard "très jeune" but does not cite the corresponding primary source, which has yet to be identified. "Richardus Nortmannorum dux" agreed grants of property to "Adela" on the occasion of their marriage by charter dated Jan 1026, which does not specify her parentage. She later married Baudouin V "Insulanus" Count of Flanders. Duke Richard III had two illegitimate children by unknown mistresses:
a) NICOLAS (-27 Feb 1092, bur Rouen Saint-Ouen[158]). Robert of Torigny names "Nicolaum…duas filias Papiam…uxorem Walterii de Sancto Walerico et Aeliz uxorem Ranulfi vicecomitis de Baiocis" as the children of "Ricardo secundo duce Normannum filio primi Ricardi", specifying that Nicolas was "postea abbatum Sancti Audeni". Guillaume de Jumièges names Nicolas as "un fils très jeune" of Duke Richard III, records that he was deprived of his inheritance, brought up at the monastery of Sainnt-Ouen "dès sa plus tendre enfance", and succeeded abbé Herfast as abbot, ruling as such nearly fifty years before he died in Feb 1092[160]. Nicoias is named as the son of Duke Richard III by Orderic Vitalis, who specifies that he was compelled by his uncle Duke Robert to become an oblate monk at Fécamp while still a boy, but that some years later when still an adolescent he was installed by Duke Guillaume II as Abbot of St Ouen at Rouen which he ruled "for almost 60 years". He contributed 15 ships and 100 soldiers to the army of Guillaume II Duke of Normandy which invaded England in 1066.
b) ALIX . Robert of Torigny names "Nicolaum…duas filias Papiam…uxorem Walterii de Sancto Walerico et Aeliz uxorem Ranulfi vicecomitis de Baiocis" as the children of "Ricardo secundo duce Normannum filio primi Ricardi"[163]. As noted above, it is chronologically impossible for Papia, wife of Gilbert de Saint-Valéry, to have been his daughter. m RANULF Vicomte du Bessin, son of Vicomte ANSCHITIL & his wife --- (-killed in battle Val-es-Dunes 1047).
3. ROBERT (-Nikaia 22 Jul 1035, bur Nikaia basilica St Mary, transferred [1187] to Apulia). Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Richard, Robert et Guillaume" as the three sons of Duke Richard II and Judith[164]. Ademar names Robert as brother of Richard. Guillaume de Jumièges records that he rebelled against his brother Duke Richard III from his stronghold at Falaise. He succeeded his brother in 1027 as ROBERT II "le Diable" Duke of Normandy. "Rotbertus Normannorum dux, Ricarddi filio" founded the abbey of Sainte-Trinité at Rouen in 1030. He gave shelter to Henri, son of Robert II King of France, during his dispute with his mother Queen Constance, the king granting le Vexin to Robert after his accession to the Frencnch throne in 1031. William of Malmesbury records that Robert went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1035. Orderic Vitalis dates his departure to "after seven and a half years", but it is unclear from the context whether this is calculated based on his accession or his father's death. The date of Robert´s departure can be estimated more precisely from his charter dated 13 Jan 1035 which announces his forthcoming departure for Jerusalem. Guillaume de Jumièges records the death of Duke Robert 2 Jul 1035 at Nikea on his return from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and his burial in the basilica of St Mary at Nikaia. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he died while on pilgrimage in 1031. Orderic Vitalis specifies that Duke Robert died "in the city of Nicæa in Bythinia". William of Malmesbury recounts that his remains were disinterred from Nikaia on the orders of his son, but interred in Apulia on their way back to France after the messenger learnt of the death of William I King of England. Mistress (1): ---. Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve. The name of Duke Robert's first mistress is not known. Mistress (2): HERLEVE [Arlette], daughter of FULLBERT [de Falaise] & his wife Doda [Duwa] ---. Guillaume de Jumièges names "Herlève fille le Fulbert valet de chamber du duc" as mother of Duke Guillaume II, recording that "un certain Herluin, brave chevalier, prit Herlève pour femme" after thhe death of Duke Robert. Orderic Vitalis calls her "Duke Robert's concubine", and records her marriage, referring to her husband as stepfather to Duke Guillaume. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of Duke Guillaume as "filia…Herbertus pelliparius et uxor eius Doda sive Duwa", specifying that they were from Chaumont in the diocese of Liège but moved to Falaise but that others said they were from Huy, and refers to her marriage to "Herlewino de Vado comitis". She married Herluin de Conteville. Duke Robert II had one illegitimate child by Mistress (1):
a) ADELAIS (-[1081/84]). Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as the daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve[180]. She retained the title Comtesse d'Aumâle after her first marriage. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum”. Her second marriage is deduced from the same charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy which also names “Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia”. Orderic Vitalis calls her "the king's sister" when referring to her marriage to Eudes Comte de Troyes. m firstly ENGUERRAND [II] Comte de Montreuil, son of HUGUES de Ponthieu Comte de Montreuil & his wwife Berthe d'Aumâle (-killed in battle Château d'Arques 25 Oct 1053). m secondly ([1053/54]) LAMBERT de Boulogne Comte de Lens, son of EUSTACHE [I] Comte de Boulogne & his wife Mathilde de Louvain (-killed in battle Phalampin 1054). m thirdly ([1060]) EUDES III Comte de Troyes et d'Aumâle, son of ETIENNE I Comte de Troyes [Blois] & his wife Adela --- (-after 1118).
Duke Robert II had one illegitimate child by Mistress (2):
b) GUILLAUME (Château de Falaise, Normandy [1027/28]-Rouen, Prioré de Saint-Gervais 9 Sep 1087, bur Caen, Abbé de Saint-Etienne). His birth date is estimated from William of Malmesbury, according to whom Guillaume was born of a concubine and wwas seven years old when his father left for Jerusalem, and Orderic Vitalis, who states that he was eight years old at the time. Deville suggests that Guillaume´s birthdate can be fixed more precisely to [mid-1027], taking into account that his father Robert occupied Falaise immediately after the death of his father Duke Richard II (23 Aug 1026), not wishing to accept the authority of his older brother Duke Richard III, but that Robert´s stay was short as the two brothers were reconciled soon after, it being reasonable to suppose that Robert´s relationship with Guillaume´s mother occurred soon after his arrival at Falaise. He succeeded his father in 1035 as GUILLAUME II Duke of Normandy.
4. [ELEONORE] de Normandie. The Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana refers to "filiam secundi Ricardi ducis Normannorum" as wife of "Balduinum Barbatum" after the death of Ogiva. The Annalista Saxo states that the mother of Judith was "cognatione beati Ethmundi regis", without naming her or giving a more precise origin[188]. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Duke Richard and Judith had three daughters, of whom the second (unnamed) married "Baudouin de Flandre". The primary souurce which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m (after 1030) as his second wife, BAUDOUIN IV "le Barbu/Pulchrae Barbae" Count of Flanders, son of ARNOUL II "le Jeune" Count of Flanders & his wife Rozala di Ivrea [Italy] ([980]-30 May 1035).
5. GUILLAUME (-5 Dec 1025). Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Richard, Robert et Guillaume" as the three sons of Duke Richard II and Judith, specifying that Guillaume "dans son adolescence prit l'habit de moine à Fécamp". The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "unus monachus Fiscanii Gulielmus" as son of "dux Normannie Richardus II"[191]. Abbé de Fécamp. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death "Non Dec" of "Willelmus nostræ congregationis monachus Sancte Trinitatis, filius Richardi ducis".
6. daughter . Guillaume de Jumièges records that Duke Richard and Judith had three daughters, of whom the third (unnamed) "mourut vierge étant déjà grande".
7. [MATHILDE (-1033). The Chronicon Rothomagensi records the death in 1033 of "Mathildis filia Ricardi comitis". It is not certain that this refers to a daughter of Richard II Duke of Normandy. If it does, it is possible that she was the same person as the unnamed third daughter mentioned by Guillaume de Jumièges (see above).]
Duke Richard II & his second wife had two children:
8. GUILLAUME ([1020/26]-[Boulogne] after 1054). Guillaume de Jumièges names (in order) "Mauger…et Guillaume d'Arques" as the two sons of Duke Richard II and his second wife Popa, specifying that Guillaume II Duke of Normandy installed Guillaume as Comte de Talou. Orderic Vitalis calls him brother of Mauger, and specifies that Duke Guillaume II invested him as Comte de Talou. "Vuillelmus Ricardi magni ducis Normannorum filius" donated property to the abbey of Jumièges by charter dated to [1040]. He built the fortress of Arques, becoming Comte d'Arques. Guillaume de Jumièges records his rebellion, stating that it was supported by Henri I King of France, and his subsequent exile in the household of Eustache Comte de Boulogne where he stayed until his death. Guillaume II captured the fortress of Arques, and Guillaume went into exile in [1054]. m --- de Ponthieu, daughter of HUGUES II Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Berthe d'Aumâle. Guillaume de Jumièges records that the wife of Guillaume was "sœur de Guy comte de Ponthieu" but does not name her.
9. MAUGER ([1020/26]-drowned Guernsey 1055). Guillaume de Jumièges names "Mauger frère du duc Robert" as successor of Robert archbishop of Rouen, specifying that he was the son of Duke Richard II & his second wife Popa. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Malgerius Rothomagensis archiepiscopus" as son of "dux Normannie Richardus II". His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis, who says he was "excessively addicted to the lusts of the flesh and distractions of the world". Robert of Torigny records that "Malgerius nepos eius" succeeded as archbishop of Rouen in 1037 on the death of his uncle Robert. He governed the see for "18 years without receiving either apostolic blessing or the pallium", according to Orderic Vitalis who says that "Mauger too young received the seat of honour". "Malgerii arciepiscopi…" subscribed the charter dated to [1040] under which "Vuillelmus Ricardi magni ducis Normannorum filius" donated property to the abbey of Jumièges. According to William of Malmsbury, he was deprived of his archbishopric by his nephew Duke Guillaume as "he gave too much attention to hunting and hawking, and consumed the treasures of the church in a splendid mode of living" or alternativeely that he wished to annul Duke Guillaume's marriage for consanguinity. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Duke Guillaume II banished Mauger to the island of Guernsey. Orderic Vitalis says that he was deposed by Duke Guillaume for having aided the rebellion of his brother Guillaume. Archbishop Mauger had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress.
a) MICHEL (-after 1127). He is named as son of Archbishop Mauger by Orderic Vitalis who describes him as "a brave and worthy knight, who is now in England, loved and treated with honour in his old age by King Henry".”
From Wikipedia (11 Jan 2023)
Richard II, Duke of Normandy
“Richard II (died 28 August 1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the duke of Normandy from 996 until 1026.
Life
Richard was the eldest surviving son and heir of Richard the Fearless and Gunnor.[1] He succeeded his father as the ruler of Normandy in 996. During his minority, the first five years of his reign, his regent was Count Rodulf of Ivry, his uncle, who wielded the power and put down a peasant insurrection at the beginning of Richard's reign.
Richard had deep religious interests and found he had much in common with King Robert II of France, who he helped militarily against the Duchy of Burgundy. He forged a marriage alliance with Duke Geoffrey I of Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise to him and by his own marriage to Geoffrey's sister Judith.
By 1000, Vikings had begun raiding England again, where they would subsequently cross the channel to Normandy and sell their plunder. Richard provided the Vikings with sanctuary and even welcomed them. This act violated a treaty signed between his father Richard I and King Ethelred II of England, in which he agreed not to aid enemies of England following similar events of assisting the Danes. As a result, Richard was forced to repel an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred.[4] Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, bound and brought to England.[5] But the English had not been prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were utterly defeated.
Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister Emma's marriage to King Ethelred. This marriage was significant in that it later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror, the basis of his claim to the throne of England. Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy followed shortly thereafter by her husband King Ethelred. Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut the Great forced Emma to marry him while Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again queen. Richard had contacts with Scandinavian Vikings throughout his reign. He employed Viking mercenaries and concluded a treaty with Sweyn Forkbeard who was en route to England.
By 1013, following the St Brice's Day Massacre ordered by Ethelred, King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark summoned an army to exact revenge on the English and sailed for England. He stopped in Rouen and was well received and treated courteously by Richard, who concluded an alliance with him.
Richard II commissioned his clerk and confessor, Dudo of Saint-Quentin, to portray his ducal ancestors as morally upright Christian leaders who built Normandy despite the treachery of their overlords and neighboring principalities.[9] It was clearly a work of propaganda designed to legitimize the Norman settlement, and while it contains numerous historically unreliable legends, as respects the reigns of his father and grandfather, Richard I and William I it is considered basically reliable.
In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his great-grandfather Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen.[11] His other numerous grants to monastic houses tends to indicate the areas over which Richard had ducal control, namely Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.
Richard II died in 1026. His eldest son, Richard III, became the new duke.
Marriages and children
Richard married firstly, c.1000, Judith (982–1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany, by whom he had the following issue:
-Richard III (c. 1002/4), duke of Normandy
-Alice (c. 1003/5), married Count Reginald I of Burgundy
-Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy
-William (c. 1007/9), monk at Fécamp, d. 1025, buried at Fécamp Abbey
-Eleanor (c. 1011/3), married to Count Baldwin IV of Flanders
-Matilda (c. 1013/5), nun at Fecamp, d. 1033.
With his second wife, Poppa of Envermeu, Richard had the following issue:
-Mauger (c. 1019), archbishop of Rouen
-William (c. 1020/5), count of Arques”
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Connected Bloodlines
963 - 1026 (63 years)
